First Among Equals

What are the differences between the brain of a chimp and a modern man?

Probably the essential features of a modern man's brain is its capacity to :
i). To works towards a goal,
ii). To device a plan of action,
iii). To keep track of changing circumstances by keeping the end goal in mind

Frontal lobe pays a vital part in developing mental plans for the future actions and then to follow them through. Without this ability, even though a person is well equipped with good skill-set, he/she might not be able to accomplish their goals successfully.

What special mental skills arise from the frontal lobe of the brain? There seems to be two small special areas of the frontal lobes are involved in keeping the final goal in mind while doing the current tasks.

Is planning a feature of humans or can Chimps also have a planning faculty of mind?

According to Georgia State university researchers, they have found that chimps have the faculty to plan ahead at least by 4-5 days. Their comprehension of words is at least that of 5-6 years old human babies.

Language Processing in the Brain:

Dr. Georgie Ojemann has done research on operating the brain and removing tissue that leads to severe epilepsy. In these type of operations, patients are kept awake and asked to keep counting and talking through out the operation. In the mean time the doctor is busy trying to map the useful (talk related) brain area using stickers (see the shown image) and then to chalk out the area that can be surgically removed.

It has also been observed that the language related area of the brain is not localized the same for all the patients. It is laid out differently for all the patients. Dr. Ojemann's team has mapped over 200 subject's brain for language areas and have not found any repetition of these localized language areas. Now these localized language-specific brain areas are not the same for multi-lingual patients. That is in two different languages the same physical object's name is stored in different areas of the brain. Also, there were different regions/clusters of brain areas dedicated to the objects/items groups like fruits, tools. There are complex non-universal locations of the language content.